Constructivism as an International Relations theory became increasingly significant in the 1980s and has now become one of the established cores of the discipline. This article written by our analyst will examine the changes constructivism has brought to international relations’ directions and perspectives. It will discuss briefly on the rise of constructivism in the study...Read More

In this Part II of International Relations series, the author will continue to present and analyse about the case study based on the theory of democratic peace that has been covered in the past series. The author chose two set of cases which are the promotion of democracy by United States and also the Arab...Read More

As the country saw the just concluded Melaka and Sarawak state election and in few weeks’ time will then hold another legislative election in Johor, it is apparent that the right to vote and participate in this electoral process shows democracy at its best. Democracy, at present, is at or near a modern-day high globally....Read More

Since the United States had decided to end their military commitment in Afghanistan, therefore clear the pathway for the Taliban’s rapid takeover, the ‘responsibility’ for nation-building of the state is now shifting once again. Now under the rule of the Taliban insurgent group, they face tough challenges as they seek to secure recognition and legitimacy...Read More

During the tabling of the 2022 Budget, the government announced that RM16.14 billion (USD3.9 billion) will be allocated for our Defence Ministry which amounts to approximately 5% of the total Budget for next year. It comprises RM11.10 billion for operations expenses and RM5.04 billion for development expenses. According to Senior Defence Minister, Dato’ Seri Hishammuddin...Read More